Scientific discoveries never stop and in order to keep the pace of finding new things, one needs to apply more sophisticated and more precise instruments. Nowadays, most high-end large-scale scientific projects are related to nuclear physics and massive laboratories; the largest of which is CERN; are now in operation or is going to be operational to help scientists do experimental researches on materials and fundamental physics. These laboratories apply machines that produce radiation of various kinds.
Researches on finding new materials or even creating new ones; using ion implantation; are almost impossible without radiations. Other than that, archeologists have to apply radiation techniques in order to measure exact age of an antique piece.